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No. 529,064.: Patented Nov. 13,1894.

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No. 529,064. Patented Nov. 13, 1894.

Wtbzesy I Jrwmiar .y a wa UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARK THOMAS DENNE, OF EASTBOURNE, ENGLAND.

SEWING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 529,064, dated November 13, 1894. Application filed September 27, 1892. Serial No. 447,046- (No model.) Patented in England May 26, 1892.110. 10,025.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARK THOMAS DENNE, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Eastbourne, England, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Sewing- Machines, (patented in Great Britain, No. 10,025, dated May 26, 1892,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to sewing machines and chiefly to that class of such machines known as lock-stitch fair-stitching machines and in which barbed needles and rotary shuttles are used.

According to my invention I arrange the rotary shuttle of such a machine to take the thread directly from the needle whereby I dispense with the usual thread lifter, and I arrange the shuttle to rotate in a plane nearly at right angles to that in which the needle moves, the shuttle being above the needle so that the shuttle thread will lie in the channel of the sole.

The shuttle itself is formed with a simple book which enters the loop of the needle thread. The needle carrying disk or segment is so operated that it will dip to disengage the needle from the thread just after the latter is caught by the hook of the shuttle. The shuttle is preferably driven from a worm on the driving-shaft of the machine engaging with a worm-wheel on the spindle operating the shuttle. I prefer to operate the awl through the medium ofa lever actuated by a cam or cam-groove on the main drivingshaft and engaging at its free end in a slotin the awl carrying disk or segment in such a manner that power will be applied to it with greatest effect when the greatest amount of work is to be done. In combination with'the shuttle and barbed needle arranged as hereiubefore described I advantageously employ a thread-guide and thread-puller of the kind described in my Patent No. 505,034, dated September 12, 1893.

To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a fairstitching sewing machine constructedaccord ing to my invention; and Fig. 2 is a plan. Fig.3 is a section on the line3 3, Fig. 1 Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4. 4, Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of part of the machine, the section being taken on the line 5 5, Fig. 3. Figs. /6 to 29 are views of details hereinafter described; and Figs. 30 to 37 are views illustrating the operation of the stitchforming parts of the machine. Figs. 6 to 14 are drawn to a larger scale than the rest of the figures.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre- 6-.) sponding parts in all the figures. a indicates so much of the framing of the machine as is necessary in describing my invention, and b is the driving-shaft supported in bearings in the said frame and carrying the cams and gearing through which the movements are imparted to the various parts as hereinafter described.

c is the rotary shuttle (which is shown detached in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 which are respect- 7o ively an elevation, a plan and a section on the line 8 8, Fig. 6) and 0* is the hook thereof.

dis the shuttle-race which is secured to the upper projecting part of the frame a, the said shuttle-race being shown detached in Figs. 9 and 10 which are respectively an elevation and a section on the line 10 10, Fig. 9.

Motion is imparted to the shuttle from a disk 0' carrying a projection 0 designed to engage in the recess adjacent to the hook of the shuttle, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the said disk being attached to one end of a shaft a mounted in bearings in the frame a and carrying at its other end a worm-wheel c with which spiralor helical teeth c upontheperiphcry of a disk a secured to the driving-shaft b are adapted to engage, the worm-wheel be ing designed to revolve twice for each revolutionof the disk 0 The helical teeth acting on the worm wheel, give a smooth uniform action, and thelittle wear that may ensue, has no material etfect on the action of the rotary shuttle.

e is the shuttle spool which is shown detached in elevation and section in Figs. 11 5 and 12 respectively, the said spool being mounted upon a pivot or pin e in a recess in the rotary shuttle, as shown most clearly in Fig.8; andfis a guide for the shuttle thread which guide is shown detached in front and side elevation in Figs. 13 and 14: respectively. This thread-guide also serves to keep the spool e in the shuttle, the said guide being suspended upon the end of the spool pivot e',

as shown in Figs. 6 and S, the said end of the pivot e being recessed, as shown most clearly in Fig.7, and the holef for receiving the pin being shaped as shown in Fig. 13, so that the said guide will not be liable to become detached. At the back of the guidefis a projecting arm f which extends between the spool and the inside ofthe shuttle and is provided with an eye through which the thread passes as it leaves the spool. From this eye the thread passes through a hole f and thence over the rib f upon the surface of the plate f, the said rib having arranged in conjunction with it a spring plate f 5 which serves to prevent the thread from coming off the rib f and also by pressing more or less upon the thread serves to produce a certain amount of tension thereon, which tension can be regulated by means of the serewf. Any other suitable guide may be employed.

g is the needle carrying disk or segment and g is the needle. The said disk g is loosely carried in a boss on the frame a, a disk 9* being connected to it to keep it in position.

g is a shaft supported at one end in the disk g but independent thereof and at the other end moving in a boss on the frame a. The said disk 9 is operated by a cam-groove g formed in one face of the disk 0 through the medium of the lever g carrying a roller g running in the groove 9 and mounted at one end upon a shaft 9 in the frame a, the

other end being connected to the disk 9 by a link 9 The said needle segment with its operating mechanism is shown detached in Figs. 15 and 16 which are respectively an elevation and a plan of the same.

I arrange in conjunction with the disk 9 a needle-guide h which is shown detached in front and edge view in Figs. 17 and 18 respectively. This guide it is mounted upon the elongated boss h of the disk 9 and is provided with an eye 7L2 through which the needle g is passed, as shown in Fig. 8.

' 71 is a spring which is attached at one end to the frame a and at the other end to the needle-guide it through the medium of aliuk h, the said spring, as shown, being arranged to press downwardly and hold one end of a recess h in the needle-guide h in contact with a pin it upon the needle disk g, as shown most clearly in Fig. 3. With this arrangement immediately the needle disk is moved by means of the cam-groove g the spring It acts to retain one end of the recess h in contact with the pin it so that the relative posi tions of the thread-guide and of the needleguide It and needle do not shift until the said needle-guide comes to lie upon the top of the work. The said needle-guide then remains stationary, the needle moving independently thereof. On the return movement of the needle the pin h again strikes against the said end of the recess 77.5 to lift the needle-guide to its normal position against the pressure of the spring k '5 is the awl for puncturing the work for the passage of the needle and also for effecting the feed. This awl is secured to a disk or segment 1" secured on the shaft 9 and is operated by a cam-groove t in a disk t secured to the shaft 1), the said camgroove acting upon aroller 11 on a lever 73', one end of which lever is pivoted upon the shaft g while the other end engages by means of a pin with a slot 1' in the segment 11. By these meansI dispense with teeth, or any toothed segment or gears, and also avoid the liability of breaking a tooth or teeth, or the wearing away of teeth, or their failure to keep in engagement. The arrangement of the awl and its operating mechanism are shown detached in elevation and in plan in Figs. 19 and 20 respectively.

The mechanism described by reference to Figs. 19 and 20 is only for the purpose of moving the awl for perforating the work.

The mechanism which I employ for moving the awl to effect the feed of the work is shown detached in Figs. 21, 22 and 23 (which are respectively an elevation, a plan, and a section on the line 23-23 Fig. 21) and comprises a disk j having a cam-groove j in its periphery, which groovej engages with a rollerj upon one end of a leverj pivoted by a pinj to the frame of the machine and jointed at its other end to a projecting pinj upon a barj sliding in the frame a. Upon this barj is a forkj which embraces the segment 11' carrying the awl t' in such a manner that as the cam-groove j acts upon the roller j the bar 3' will be caused to slide with its fork j and thereby move the disk t" laterally upon the shaft The length of this lateral movement of the awl carrying segment determines the length of the feed, and in order to make this length adjustable, the lever j is slotted and the pivot j is made adjustable in the slot. For this purpose the lower end or head j of the said pivot is adapted to slide in guides in the frame a, as shown most clearly in Figs. 21 and 23, and in order to fix the position of the said pivotj without at the same time gripping the lever, a bushj is placed around the pivot and a nut and washer is placed on the upper end of the same, as shown, so that the tightening of the said nut causes the head of the lower part of the pivot to be drawn into frictional contact with its guides.

is the welt guide or support upon which the work is placed, the said support having formed in it a slot 70 for the passage of the awl from the underside and of the needle from the upper side, and k is an arm or channel-guide secured to the frame a against which the upper side of the work is adapted to press the said guide entering the channel for the stitches. In order that this welt-guide 70 may yield relatively to the channel guide 70 the said guide 70 is secured to a bracket 70 pivoted at 70 upon a stud in the frame a and acted upon by a spring 10 in order to normally press the guide is toward the guide 70 so as to grip the work between them, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3. By thus arranging the guide relatively to the guide 10 it is obvious that the work will be constantly gripped but not with sufficient force to prevent the same from being moved forward by means of the awl as hereinbefore described.

In order that the welt-guide 70 shall be locked or prevented from yielding during the,

time that the needle is passing therethrough and the stitch being formed, I provide for locking the bracket 10 and for this purpose I form upon the said bracket ratchet-teeth k and, upon an arm 70 pivoted on a pin 10 in a bracket 20*, I fix a block 76 having ratchet teeth adapted to engage with the teeth 70. Upon the periphery of the disk 2' I form a cam-projection 70 designed to act against a roller it upon the arm k 7.0 is aspring which normally tends to move the bracket it so that the 'teeth upon the block is? engage with the teeth 70. With this arrangement it will be understood that when the cam-surface k on the disk 2' is in contact with the roller is the latter will be moved so as to move the teeth of the block W out of I tions at right angles to each other of this mechanism. 7

Z, Figs. 1 and 3, is the thread-guide which I advantageously employ in my improved machine and which forms part of the subject matter of my above mentioned patent. This thread-guide is a triangular plate secured to an arm Z attached to the bracket 10* and arranged in proximity to the path of the needle below thework-support k as shown.

no is my thread-puller which operates in con-,

junction with the thread-guide Z and which also forms part ofthe subject matter of my said patent. This thread-puller, with its operating mechanism, is shown detached in elevation and plan in Figs. 26 and 27 respectively, and consists of an arm having a hooked end m and secured to a bar m sliding in bearings m in the frame a, as shown in Fig. l. The said bar, m has also connected to it an arm m carrying a roller m running in a groove m of a cam m the said cam being secured to the driving-shaft b. The said arm m also carries rollers m mi running on the periphery of the cam. It will be noticed by reference to Figs. 26 and 27 that the periphery of the cam is so shaped as to impart a forward and backward movement to the hook in addition to the lateral movement imparted thereto by the groove m Normally the hook occupies a position'at one side of the path of the needle and its first movement is laterally in order to cause the hook m to engage with the thread, then rearwardly to pull the thread into the barb of the needle, then forwardly to slacken the thread as it is pulled by the needle through the work and then again laterally to disengage the hook from the thread. In order that the hook may partake of these different movements, the bar m to which the puller is attached is adapted to slide and also partially rotate in its bearings m under the action of the cam m V m is a spring which serves to keep the rollers m*, m* in contact with the periphery of the cam m n is the take-up lever which at one end is pivoted upon the shaft 9 and at the other end provided with a pulley n over which the thread passes. This take-up lever n is operated by acam n upon the shaft b,which acts upon a roller n upon the lever n.

n is a spring which serves to maintain the roller n in contact with the cam n In order that the take-up shall be adjustable, the pivot of the roller 17. is made adjustable in a slot a in the lever n so that by placing the said roller nearer to or farther from the pivotal point of the said lever n the amount of move-- (not shown) to the take-up pulleyn', the pulregulating the tension of the said thread, the

said puliey 0 being mounted upon a leverp pivoted upon the pin 70 in the bracket 70* as shown most clearly in Figs. 3 and et. One end of this leverp is notched at p to receive the hooked end of a spring 19 the other end of which is secured to the framing. By placing the hook of the said spring p into one or the otherof the notches p nearer to or farther from the pin 75 the spring will act with less or greater force upon the lever 19 and thereby correspondingly increase or diminish the pressure of the pulley 0 upon the thread.

In order that theneedle thread shall be held against movement except when it is necessary to take sufficient thread to form a stitch I arrange for locking the pulley 0 around which the thread passes. For this purpose I form on the periphery of the pulley 0 a series of ratchet-teeth q, q, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and in conjunction with these ratchet-teeth I arrange a block q having teeth corresponding to the teeth q and adapted when in engagement with the teeth q to hold the said pulley 0 against rotation. This block q is attached to one .end of a lever g pivoted upon the shaft 70 of the bracket 10* and having at its other end a roller g against which a cam-projection q upon the disk and beside the teeth 0 as shown in Figs. 3 and 15, is designed to operate at the proper time in order to lift the block q so that its Figs. 32 and 33.

teeth are out of engagement with the teeth q, thereby leaving the pulley 0 free to rotate.

The operation of the apparatus hereinbefore described is as follows, and will be best understood by reference to Figs. 30 to 37, Figs. 30 and 31 being front and side elevations representing the stitch-forming parts of the mechanism in one position, Figs. 32 and 33 front and side elevations representing the same parts in another position, and Figs. 34:, 35, 36 and 37 front elevations representing the same parts in other positions.

Assume the needle to be at the lowest point of its stroke, as shown in Figs. 30 and 31, the thread-puller m now engages with the thread from the last stitch and pulls it backward, that is to say, toward the cams and down the inclined edge of the thread guide Z into the V-shaped notch formed at 'r, by the needle 9 and thread-guide I so that the thread lies against the needle and a loop of thread is formed between where it crosses the barb of the needle and the last stitch, as shown in The needle now moves upward taking the thread, and the thread-puller comes forward until it reaches the front, when the loop slips 01f, as shown in Fig. 34. The take up at the same time rises to prevent the thread running through the barb while the needle is rising to the top of its stroke. The shuttle c (which is geared to rotate twice to one revolution of the shaft d) during the movement described above has completed one revolution empty, and is so timed that just as the needle arrives at the top of its movement, the hook 0* passes within the loop which is pulled up by the needle from the upper surface of the work, and engages with the front thread thereof, as shown in Fig. 35. When this is done the needle dips and the hook 0* rotating at the same time releases the thread from the barb of the needle. The back thread of the loop which comes direct from the last stitch is caused to pass behind the shuttle while the front thread is, by the shape of the hook, caused to pass across the front of the shuttle, as shown in Fig. 36, thus inclosing the spool thread, the loop being carried up the shuttle passing underneath the driving projection c on the disk 0 behind the shuttle. When the thread has passed across the center of the shuttle the take-up lever n moves down reducing the size of the loop until the opening of the hook has nearly reached the lowest point of its travel when the take-up lever it draws the thread down into the work over the spool thread, as shown in Fig. 37, the pulley 0 during the entire upward movement of the take-up being unlocked to allow sufficient thread to form the next stitch to be drawn from the bobbin or ball by the said take-up lever a.

While the above described operations of the shuttle and needle are taking place the awl l is moving upward into the work until the point has just penetrated it when it moves to the left (having pierced the work at the distance from the plane of the needle movement of the length of a stitch) until it is in a line with the needle. The needle now commences to descend, the awl remaining stationary until the needle has almost reached it when they both move together through thepuncture until the lower end of the stroke is reached while the shuttle is making its revolution empty. During the time the awl is feeding the work the work support is unlocked and is only kept up in position by the spring 70 It is again firmly locked immediately the awl commencesrto descend and also unlocked to allow the work to be placed in the machine. In some cases the projection 70 of the cam 2' may be dispensed with.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is-- In a sewing machine the combination of a circularly curved hooked needle having the barb formed upon the side opposite to that from which the shuttle hook enters the loop, and arranged to dip after said shuttle book has passed, with a rotary discoidal shuttle furnished with a sharp hook and placed across the plane of movement of the needle and directly above it, and with a thread puller, the combination operating to permit the point of said hook to enter between the strands of the loop from the side opposite to the opening of the barb of the needle, and immediately below the point of the needle and to throw the loop over itself, the dip of the needle, after the hook has passed, allowing the loop to drop from the barb. thereby dispensing with any device for drawing the thread from the needle other than the hook itself, substantially as set forth.

MARK THOMAS DENNE.

W'itnesses:

G. F. REDFERN, T. W. PRICE. 

